Abstract: In order to clarify the shallow buried depth under the condition of close distance coal seam group, the goaf formed by the upper coal seam mining has been basically compacted by the overlying strata, and how to affect the compaction area of the upper goaf when mining the lower coal seam. In this paper, the method of similar material simulation experiment is used to simulate the mining of 2-2 coal seam and its lower 3-1 coal seam in Lijiahao Coal Mine. Finally, the stress field evolution law, displacement field evolution law, roof caving structure and fracture evolution conduction law of 2-2 coal seam and 3-1 coal seam mining are obtained, which is of great significance for the long-term safety and stable production of the mine.