Abstract: In order to investigate the influence of ultrasonic waves on the permeability enhancement of actual coal seams and the strengthening effect of gas extraction, this paper carried out ultrasonically stimulated pore structure characterization experiments of water-bearing coal based on low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, and analyzed the influence of ultrasonication on the coal particles of different water contents.The results show that The maximum adsorption capacity of nitrogen in coal increased by 5.446%-40.93% after ultrasonic treatment, and the increase was related to the water content of coal samples. The average pore size increased by 74.98%, and the specific surface area and pore volume increased by 70.02% and 90.19% respectively. The results show that ultrasonic treatment has a pore expansion effect on the pores of the coal body, and the higher the water content of the coal sample, the more obvious the pore modification effect.