Abstract: Aiming at the problems of serious deformation of surrounding rock and poor support effect in the north wing track roadway of Xintian Coal Mine, the roof instability process and surrounding rock control technology of roadway were studied and implemented by means of endoscopic observation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The results show that the roof of soft rock strata is prone to separation fracture under the influence of high stress and mining, and causes the linkage failure of 'roof-roadway-floor'. The optimal application range of prestress (200～50 kN), anchorage length (1.5～2 m) and anchor cable length (7～9 m) was determined by numerical simulation. The 'anchor net cable spray + shed + wall back grouting support technology' was proposed, which significantly reduced the deformation and deformation rate of the two sides of the roadway, roof and floor. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the control of roadway surrounding rock under similar geological conditions.