Abstract: The consumption of coal as a primary energy source continues to rise, and the development of mineral resources in deep underground areas is gradually accelerating. With the increase in mining depth, the challenges and issues faced in engineering construction have become more severe. Therefore, studying the characteristics of rocks under dynamic loads has become increasingly important. 3D printing technology is used to prepare rock mass specimens using high silica sand and sulfonic acid curing agents, and dynamic impact tests are carried out on prefabricated fractured and intact rock mass specimens at different angles by using SHPB device to study their dynamic mechanical properties. The results show that the 3D printing technology improves the repeatability of the test and reduces the discreteness of the specimen. Under dynamic loading, the crushing process of rock mass specimens is mainly divided into four stages: fracture compaction stage, elastic deformation stage, crushing stage and failure end stage. The dynamic compressive strength of intact sandstone specimens is the largest, and for sandstone specimens with prefabricated fractures, the strength decreases first and then increases when the fracture angle increases.