新型矿用便携式短路接地装置的研制

    Development of a new portable short-circuit grounding device for mining applications

    • 摘要: 随着煤矿井下电气设备逐步向小型化发展,其接线腔空间不断缩小,现有短路接地装置因存在安装角度不匹配、连接头体积过大、绝缘性能差、接触不良及连接不稳固等问题,已难以满足现场使用需求。针对狭小空间安装问题,通过对大量井下设备进行研究,发现沿压线螺栓轴向安装是操作性最强的路径。利用螺栓外露部分和螺纹啮合实现可靠固定与最大接触面积,提出旋转安装方法,并设计环形接线鼻子以避免接地线缠绕。依据煤矿最大三相短路电流选取接地线,并按电压等级配置环氧树脂绝缘手柄,有效解决了现有一系列问题。试验结果显示,操作人员可在2 min内完成安装,接地线无缠绕;在施加3个相互垂直作用力后,装置无松动;能承受安装点最大短路电流并可靠对地放电,直至开关跳闸断电,确保人员与设备安全。

       

      Abstract: As electrical equipment in coal mines increasingly adopts compact designs, the space within their wiring compartments continues to shrink. Existing short-circuit grounding devices often fail to meet field requirements due to issues such as mismatched installation angles, oversized connectors, poor insulation, inadequate contact, and unstable connections. To address the challenge of installation in confined spaces, research on a wide range of underground equipment revealed that axial installation along the wire binding bolt offers the most practical approach. By utilizing the exposed portion of the bolt and thread engagement to ensure reliable fixation and maximum contact area, a rotary installation method was proposed, along with a ring-type terminal designed to prevent the grounding wire from twisting during installation. The grounding wire is selected based on the maximum three-phase short-circuit current in the coal mine, and an epoxy resin insulated handle of appropriate length is configured according to the voltage level, effectively resolving the aforementioned issues. Test results show that operators can complete the installation on the equipment's wire binding bolt within two minutes without twisting of the grounding wire. After applying three mutually perpendicular forces, the device showed no signs of loosening. It withstands the maximum short-circuit current at the installation point and reliably discharges to ground until the switchgear trips, ensuring the safety of both personnel and equipment.

       

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