Abstract: Emergency communication in coal mines is limited by complex communication environments, and the communication process is prone to interference, leading to a decrease in communication quality. To alleviate this problem, this study proposes an efficient and reliable backup method for emergency communication in coal mines by combining adaptive tuning antenna arrays with 4G core network optimization. By optimizing the dynamic beam and spectrum synergy, the coverage and anti-interference capabilities are improved, and then through multi-source data fusion and AI decision-making, the transition from "passive response" to "active prediction" is achieved. Deeply integrate ATAA with the 4G core network to form an end-to-end emergency communication solution, reduce deployment costs, and optimize coal mine emergency communication backup. The communication coverage of this method reaches over 95%, the communication signal-to-noise ratio is about 16.5 dB, and the communication response time is only 0.23 seconds, effectively solving the shortcomings in coverage, anti-interference, and response speed.