Abstract: With the continuous innovation of geological exploration and mineral resources development technology, transient electromagnetic and pit penetration detection technology as an important means of modern geophysical exploration, its research and application are increasingly valued. In this paper, the principle and geophysical basis of transient electromagnetic method and pit penetrating method are described systematically, and the technical flow of data acquisition, preprocessing, processing, data interpretation and inversion are analyzed deeply. Through case analysis, the wide application and remarkable effect of transient electromagnetic and pit penetration detection technology in mineral resources exploration, engineering geological exploration and engineering safety monitoring are demonstrated. The research shows that the transient electromagnetic method can reveal the electrical characteristics and distribution law of the underground geological body effectively because of its characteristics of deep exploration and high resolution. By means of the propagation characteristics of seismic waves, the pit penetration detection law can accurately detect the structure, shape and distribution of underground geological bodies. The combination of the two provides strong technical support for geological exploration and mineral resource development, and significantly improves the detection efficiency and accuracy.