Abstract: Collapse columns are one of the common concealed geological hazards in coal mine production, which are difficult to predict, have a wide range of influence, and carry high potential risks. Combined with the actual situation that they pose a serious threat to coal mine safety production, firstly, through geological drilling and geophysical exploration methods, and using geological observation methods, the morphology, scale, and distribution of collapse columns are analyzed in detail to obtain accurate geological data. Secondly, combining drilling and geophysical exploration methods to accurately detect collapse columns, visually reveal their internal structures, and determine the boundary range. Finally, treatment measures such as grouting filling and reinforcement support are taken to enhance the stability of collapse columns. The proposed method and technical research can further enhance the coal mine's ability to predict and prevent geological hazards such as collapse columns, ensuring safe and efficient coal mine production.