Abstract: The roadway section is large and the deformation and stress evolution of the roadway perimeter rock is complicated under the comprehensive mining condition, in order to improve the stability of the perimeter rock of the back-mining roadway, take the 5110 back-mining roadway with the thickness of 14.7 m of the 3～5 coal seams of the main coal seam of the Tashan Coal Mine as an example, and carry out the monitoring and analysis on the deformation of the perimeter rock, the bearing of the anchor rods and the anchors, the separation of the layer, and through the monitoring of the deformation of the perimeter rock, the support structure of the roadway in the coal seam under the comprehensive mining conditions has obtained the force characteristics. The force characteristics of the support structure of 5110 roadway under the conditions of integrated mining of coal seams were obtained through the monitoring of the surrounding rock deformation; the destabilization process of the back-mining roadway was simulated and analyzed based on the similar materials, and a field test was carried out in the roadway. The monitoring results show that: the convergence area of the test roadway in front of the working face is obviously reduced, the maximum displacement of the two gangs does not exceed 428 mm, and the maximum subsidence of the roof plate does not exceed 663 mm.