Abstract: In the rapidly developing process of information technology in today’s era, the collection and application of big data have become important features. As an important pillar of the national economy, chemical enterprises have an increasing demand for the application of big data due to their complex production processes and large amounts of data. This article takes the application of big data technology to transform, upgrade, and optimize the production scheduling system of a certain chemical enterprise as a specific research sample. It focuses on the current application status, challenges, and opportunities of big data in production scheduling of chemical enterprises, and aims to solve the management difficulties and pain points in production operation in a targeted manner.