Abstract: The dust production intensity of the heading face of Gaohe Energy Company is large and the mining depth is increasing year by year. Under the action of air flow field, it is difficult to effectively intercept the dust by conventional dust control measures. Therefore, carried out numerical simulation research on the dust production mechanism and migration law of its tunneling face. Firstly, the pressure-type and extraction-type air volume tests were carried out in the field excavation process. Then, the DPM model of the excavation face was established, and the physical model of the excavation face of constructed to obtain the dust concentration distribution and particle size distribution characteristics in the roadway. Finally, the dust concentration distribution test in the excavation process was carried out. The test results show that: the highest total dust concentration, the average concentration, the highest exhaled dust concentration, the average concentration; The average concentration of total dust and exhaled dust at the transfer machine location; The average concentration of total dust and exhaled dust behind the air control duct is compared with the numerical simulation results and the field measurement results, and the simulation accuracy is greater than 85%, which is basically consistent with the field situation.