Abstract: Gas concentration monitoring, as an important part of coal mine production monitoring, is an important guarantee for coal mine safety production. At present, coal mine gas monitoring systems are mostly based on wired methods such as cable communication, and the reliability and monitoring range of communication are severely constrained by underground environmental factors, which cannot meet the current needs of modern coal mines. A design scheme for coal mine gas monitoring system based on Zigbee wireless transmission network is proposed to address the problems of difficult wiring, small monitoring range, and poor anti-interference ability of wired gas monitoring system in coal mines. On the basis of the original wired monitoring system in coal mines, the wired transmission between on-site sensors and gas monitoring substations is replaced through Zigbee wireless transmission network, which has the advantages of large network capacity and flexible network expansion. At the same time, the wireless transceiver module of the underground gas concentration monitoring substation and sensor acquisition unit is designed to achieve wireless interaction between system data acquisition, transmission, and execution mechanism control. The monitoring range can be flexibly expanded by adding or reducing wireless nodes, effectively improving the flexibility and reliability of coal mine gas monitoring. Through experimental testing, it has been found that the system has strong wireless communication capability, low packet loss rate, and good operation of data transmission communication and alarm functions.